Economies are dependant upon the internal combustion engine. Internal combustion engines such as reciprocating, rotary, gas-turbine etc. have been in use since 1794; each engine possessing its advantages and disadvantages. Reciprocating diesel engines provide high torque outputs with relatively low rpm's. Gas turbine engines on the other hand provide high rpm's with relatively low torque unless used with a rather large gear reduction system. All classes of engines are different in one way or another, each having their specialty of application which is superior to all others. As efficiently as they may operate, they still possess the limitations of reciprocating engines. Among these limitations are the following: Normal I.C.E. assemblies are bulky, fuel consumption is high, engine parts overheat wear down and break, they' are limited in their power output, and their efficiency is moderate at best. The following is a brief chronology of engine development:

1206 al-Jazari first described a reciprocating engine.
1509 Leonardo da Vinci first described a compression-less engine.
1675 Sir Samuel Morland  built the first rudimentary I.C.E.
1816 Reverend Robert Stirling  invented the Stirling engine.
1860 Jean Joseph Lenoir built the first successful I.C.E.
1876 Nikolaus Otto designed a 4-stroke I.C.E.
1888 Nikolaus Tesla patented the induction motor.
1893 Rudolph Diesel built the
first diesel engine.
1902 Ferdinand Porsche built the first Hybrid vehicle.
1930 Felix Wankel  patented the first rotary engine.
1936 Hans von Ohain & Sir Frank Whittle patented the first jet engine.

 

 

 

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